People with OCD very often feel that something bad will happen if they don’t carry out these compulsive actions and so they feel "obliged" to do them. This creates a great deal of anxiety and distress, as they feel it is their responsibility to stop bad things happening.

They may withdraw from the activities of daily life or completely avoid them due to fears produced by their obsessions or compulsive behaviours.

They may also have difficulty with daily tasks such as cooking, cleaning, washing themselves, etc. and experience a high level of anxiety.

Following specific recommendations can help you to live with or overcome obsessive compulsive disorder.

However, if this advice is not enough and the disorder gets worse, you should speak to a PSYCHOLOGIST AND/OR A PSYCHIATRIST, who can complement it with other types of treatment such as cognitive behavioural therapy or medication.

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COPING WITH OR OVERCOMING OBSESSIONS AND COMPULSIONS:

• You have to believe you can overcome it and be determined to beat the problem
• It is important to learn not to fear your obsessive thoughts and to allow them to go through your mind without being alarmed by them, as there is no real danger.
• In terms of your rituals, you will have to change how you do them and be clear that the end goal is to get rid of them.
• Any time that you think that something bad will happen to you or a loved one if you don’t do a particular ritual, try to recognise that this fear is completely irrational and untrue.
• You will feel anxious for a while, but this will eventually decrease just as if you had carried out the ritual.
• Notice that nothing bad has happened, even though you did not carry out the ritual you instinctively wanted to do.
• Part of your mind completely recognises that these ideas are unrealistic and that nothing bad will happen if you do not carry out these rituals.
• Rituals calm you down at the time you carry them out, but they worsen the problem in the medium and long term. Distract yourself in order to decrease your anxiety: call someone, go for a walk, practice relaxation techniques, and so on.
• Accept your irrational thoughts and let them be. Don't fight against them. See them for what they are - unpleasant thoughts - but remember they don’t pose any danger and will get weaker and weaker until they eventually disappear.
• Tell yourself that: having obsessions is okay, no matter how many unpleasant thoughts go through your head, nothing bad will happen
• Write down and record these thoughts so you can listen back to them and see for yourself that they are completely untrue and cannot harm you.Focus on your normal life. By doing this, unpleasant thoughts will gradually disappear.
• Don't feel guilty about having the obsession; accept it.

To try to reduce or eliminate compulsions or rituals:

• Postpone or delay the ritual for a while. In the meantime, distract yourself by thinking about something interesting or doing something you enjoy, such as talking to someone, listening to your favourite music, playing with a pet, exercising, etc.
• Do it more slowly. Taking several slow, deep breaths from the diaphragm will help.
• Change some aspect of the ritual. For example, if you use a particular soap, change the brand; if you repeatedly touch an object, use a different one; if you do the ritual in a particular room, do it somewhere else; if you usually do it standing up, do it sitting down.
• Add a consequence to your ritual. Give yourself an additional task to do that is unrelated to your compulsions every time you do the ritual. This should be something that requires effort and time which will help you to not carry out the ritual. For example, every time you do the ritual you then have to drive for an hour, clean the house, walk for 30 minutes, or do 10 press-ups, etc.
• Take regular exercise. This will reduce your anxiety and therefore your obsessions and compulsions will decrease.

Symptoms

Legionnaire's disease causes the same symptoms as pneumonia (fever, chest pain, difficulty breathing), along with severe muscle pain and major impact on the feeling of general wellness.

Who is affected by the condition?

Legionnaire's disease can affect anyone who has come into contact with the bacteria which cause it, but it is more common among the elderly or people with a compromised immune system who have either come into contact with or breathed the vapour of water contaminated with legionella.

Diagnosis

A diagnosis is reached through detection of the bacteria or its antibodies in the blood, once suspected due to the clinical characteristics of the patient (age of onset, fever, major impact on general wellness, muscle pain) or radiographies (indirect pulmonary pneumonia indirectly affecting the lungs). Isolation of the bacteria is relatively recent, as it requires special culture processes.

In fact, legionella was not identified as the cause of respiratory infection until 1976 during a pneumonia epidemic in the American Legion Convention in Philadelphia, to which it owes its name.  

Standard treatment

Legionnaire's disease responds well to specific antibiotic treatment.

Early treatment is very important.

Standard tests

Chest x-ray, determination of legionella antibodies in the blood, specific cultures for the identification of legionella.

Prevention 

Epidemiological surveillance of detected cases (water pipes, air conditioning towers, swimming pools or jacuzzis involved) is very important for disinfection.

When a case of Legionnaire's disease is detected, public health authorities must initiate an investigation in order to find the source and eradicate it.

Legionella is not resistant to high temperatures and can usually be eliminated by intermittent increasing of the temperature of the pipes. This should always be carried out by a professional to ensure the proper elimination of the bacteria.