We are the combination of four hospitals: the General Hospital, the Children’s Hospital, the Women’s Hospital and the Traumatology, Rehabilitation and Burns Hospital. We are part of the Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus: a world-leading health park where healthcare plays a crucial role.
Patients are the centre and the core of our system. We are professionals committed to quality care and our organizational structure breaks down the traditional boundaries between departments and professional groups, with an exclusive model of knowledge areas.
Would you like to know what your stay at Vall d'Hebron will be like? Here you will find all the information.
The commitment of Vall d'Hebron University Hospital to innovation allows us to be at the forefront of medicine, providing first class care adapted to the changing needs of each patient.
Retinoblastoma is a malignant intraocular tumour that occurs in babies aged 12-24 months. In 95% of cases the baby survives, but early detection is important to combat the disease. It is essential to detect the disease in time to save the child’s life and to preserve the eyeball whenever possible.
This is tumour that occurs as a result of a mutation of chromosome 13 and which originates in the retina, the light-sensitive layer of tissue that allows the eye to see.
In 60% of cases the mutation that causes retinoblastoma only affects the eye (somatic retinoblastoma) but in some children the mutation may affect all the cells in the body. This is known as “germinal retinoblastoma”. 90% of children with this disorder have no family history of the disease. In Spain, the survival rate is over 95%, but it is important to detect it as soon as possible.
There are two types of retinoblastoma:
The main symptoms of the disease are:
The disease affects 15,000 to 25,000 infants.
To detect the disease, a thorough examination of the eye using an ophthalmoscope after dilating the pupils is carried out. Apart from this, an ocular ultrasound or a brain scan can be carried out, as well as genetic testing of the patient and sometimes their family.
Retinoblastoma requires personalized treatment determined by the characteristics of the tumour and the age of the patient. Methods used to combat it include:
Treatment will vary according to the characteristics of the tumour (size, location, laterality, and extraocular extension).
A white reflection in a child’s pupil is symptomatic of the disease and must therefore be urgently treated.
These syndromes are a group of diseases characterised by insufficient blood cell production (anaemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia), constitutional malformations and the risk of cancer.
They are usually diagnosed in childhood but there some cases diagnosed in adults. Specifically, these syndromes are: Fanconi anaemia, dyskeratosis congenita or selectively severe congenital neutropenia, Diamond-Blackfan anaemia, Diamond-Shwachman syndrome, and amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia.
Malformations caused by inherited bone marrow failure syndromes affect the skin, bones, heart and digestive system as well as the urinary system, the central nervous system, and others. They may also affect the area around the bone marrow.
Besides this, they also increase the predisposition to cancers such as acute myeloid leukaemia, myelodysplastic syndrome and squamous carcinoma of the head, neck and reproductive organs.
These syndromes have important biological pathways in common related to cell growth and division such as the activation of the p53 gene that is responsible for halting the cell cycle, cell ageing and cell death. In addition, mutations have been identified in more than 80 genes.
Although this is treated in childhood, once the patient reaches adulthood monitoring is very important. Early diagnosis of these syndromes is essential to ensure the patient receives appropriate treatment. The aim is to minimise toxicity at the same time as allowing genetic counselling, and implementing strategies for cancer prevention and monitoring. This treatment should focus on treating the bone marrow failure, but also any constitutional malformations and extra-haematological manifestations, in addition to cancer treatment.
A multidisciplinary team of specialists with extensive experience of these diseases is necessary to ensure optimum patient care.
The first symptoms are related to a lack of blood cell production:
There are also signs related to malformations such as:
Estimated incidence rates of the different syndromes are:
The usual tests to detect inherited bone marrow failure are:
The following methods are used to treat these pathologies:
To prevent these diseases it is important to avoid smoking, alcohol, sun exposure, and to have a balanced diet. In addition, a cancer prevention programme should be followed with regular visits to the Cancer Prevention Unit and the Ear, Nose and Throat, Maxillofacial and Gynaecology departments.
Chemotherapy consists of combining different types of medications that destroy cancer cells in different ways. It acts on these cells that are rapidly reproducing, cancer cells and healthy cells, too.
Chemotherapy is administered in different ways and for various reasons:
The human body is made up of different cells that each have a certain function. Cancer begins when a group of cells reproduces very quickly and uncontrollably. This affects the cells’ function and, therefore, stops the body functioning normally.
Chemotherapy acts on these cells, which may or may not be cancerous, that are rapidly reproducing. This causes side effects, which will depend on the medication, dose, duration and each individual person.
Chemotherapy can be intravenous or oral, meaning it can be administered by the vein or by the mouth. The first option is the most common.
To administer this treatment, sometimes a catheter is left in place that is then connected to a disc below the skin. The medication is administered through this device. This catheter is called a port-a-cath, although there are more types of catheters. The way the vein is accessed depends on the characteristics of the person and the duration of the treatment.
Chemotherapy is applied at intervals and the duration depends on the type of programme, control and treatment.
Chemotherapy can produce the following side effects:
Paediatric oncological surgery is the branch of paediatric surgery that is dedicated to the surgical treatment of paediatric oncological and haematological diseases and their complications. It is one of the basic pillars for the treatment of solid paediatric tumours.
These are illnesses that, due to their severity, complexity, and rareness, must be centralised in hospitals that are equipped with experienced multidisciplinary teams and the technology and medical experience necessary. The evolution of this unit has often gone hand-in-hand with the surgical advances achieved in solid organ transplants, which has allowed it to develop advanced techniques that now make enormously difficult cases operable.
The Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Department is at the forefront of the treatment of cancer, haematological diseases and transplant of haematopoietic progenitors (known as ‘bone marrow transplant’) in childhood and adolescence. Of every 1200 new cases of childhood cancer detected every year in Spain, around 250 are diagnosed in Catalonia.
Childhood cancer is the leading cause of child mortality due to illness in children over one year old. At present, we have managed to ensure that survival is around 80%, but we are working every day to make progress in research so we can cure all children and adolescents with cancer and also reduce the after-effects of short and long-term treatment.
Descobreix les nostres instal·lacions!
The Paediatrics Teaching Unit has extensive experience in training specialists. There are a total of 60 Paediatrics residents at Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 15 per year. Over the last few years, Paediatrics at Vall d’Hebron has been the first choice for new residents, and in the 2017 exam session achieved the best results of any Spanish hospital. In addition to this, we receive residents from hospitals all over the world.
Pediatric training itineraries
Over the last few years, paediatrics at Vall d’Hebron has been residents’ first choice, and in the 2017 exam session achieved the best results of any Spanish hospital.
The Department has a Paediatrics Teaching Subcommittee, comprising twelve tutors and twenty residents overseeing the practical application of the training and its integration into healthcare activities. Thanks to the involvement of these professionals, we can ensure supervised completion of the training programme objectives.
This Teaching Unit comprises different healthcare departments and units, including the Paediatrics, Nephrology, Neonatology, Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Intensive Care, Neurology, Endocrinology, Infectious Diseases, Allergies, Cardiology, Respiratory Medicine, Gastroenterology, and A&E Departments.
It is vital for residents to train in research methodology as this is necessary to take part in and develop research projects. From the second year onwards, we invite residents to carry out research work, and a minimum number of papers and publications is required in addition to their full cooperation in sessions within the Department.
Why specialise at Vall d’Hebron?
The Radiation Oncology Department stands out for its paediatric oncology and radiosurgery care, as well as for its participation in numerous oncological clinical trials. For this reason, we receive residents from all over Spain who do rotations specifically in our units, and visits by specialists from around the world who wish to learn the most advanced techniques. We have extensive experience in continuous professional development for residents, many of whom have gone on to take up positions of responsibility in international hospitals.
Radiotherapy Oncology training itinerary
The Radiation Oncology Teaching Unit is provided by the Radiation Oncology Department, with the involvement of Haematology, Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology, Radiology, Radiophysics, A&E, and Palliative Care. In Radiation Oncology we attend to patients at the hospital and in the Vall d’Hebron healthcare area of influence, but we are also active in other parts of the country as we are a leading centre for several complex diseases.
We offer a training programme in radiation oncology that includes learning in research. This means taking part in multidisciplinary committees that analyse different pathologies and generate hypotheses for future research projects. Residents integrate into a line of research when they join the programme, assisted by a consultant.
We are part of the Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) and the Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO). We actively participate in different national and international research groups, such as the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP), and the Radiation Oncology Clinical Research Group (GICOR).
The Paediatric nursing specialist training programme uses a cross-cutting approach to competencies related to communication, care and resource management, teaching and research, and a targeted approach to advanced surgery competencies in the different areas of paediatric practice.
Training itinerary Pediatric nursing
Paediatric nursing specialists provide independent nursing care to babies, children and adolescents at all levels, as well as dealing with disease prevention and rehabilitation. They work as part of a multidisciplinary team and in collaboration with specialist nursing staff from other areas.
Why Vall d’Hebron?
The acceptance of these terms implies that you give your consent to the processing of your personal data for the provision of the services you request through this portal and, if applicable, to carry out the necessary procedures with the administrations or public entities involved in the processing. You may exercise the mentioned rights by writing to web@vallhebron.cat, clearly indicating in the subject line “Exercise of LOPD rights”. Responsible entity: Vall d’Hebron University Hospital (Catalan Institute of Health). Purpose: Subscription to the Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus newsletter, where you will receive news, activities, and relevant information. Legal basis: Consent of the data subject. Data sharing: If applicable, with VHIR. No other data transfers are foreseen. No international transfer of personal data is foreseen. Rights: Access, rectification, deletion, and data portability, as well as restriction and objection to its processing. The user may revoke their consent at any time. Source: The data subject. Additional information: Additional information can be found at https://hospital.vallhebron.com/es/politica-de-proteccion-de-datos.