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The thyroid gland actively captures iodine for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. If radioactive iodine is administered, the weak radiation released can be detected and reveal information about the gland’s condition.
The test takes advantage of the affinity that the thyroid gland has for iodine. This affinity is increased in the case of hyperthyroidism, which is the situation in which scintigraphy is most useful.
To determine the shape, size and location of the thyroid gland. It can also detect nodules or areas of hyperactivity or hypoactivity.
A slightly radioactive isotope of iodine is injected intravenously. When it is captured by the thyroid gland, a gamma camera detects the gamma radiation from the iodine taken in by the thyroid gland and gives us an image of the gland and its more and less active areas.
Although a radioactive substance is used, the level of radiation is very low. It is not recommended in pregnant women.
An ultrasound can be useful in detecting nodules, but it does not given an idea of the level of activity in the same way as scintigraphy does.
The complications of diabetes mellitus with high blood sugar and/or poor metabolic control may end up causing injuries to small vessels, such as diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy, or large vessels, such as diabetic arteriopathy.
This affectation also extends to protective sensitivity to injuries, and causes signs of peripheral nerve damage. It may present as sensory, motor or autonomic nerve damage.
The most frequent form is sensory/motor and one of the serious complications is Charcot foot and ankle. The combination of nerve and artery damage with foot infection may be considered a serious complication.
Although it may start more severely, the main symptoms of diabetes are:
And the symptoms that may indicate the beginning of diabetic foot are:
Around 15% of patients diagnosed with diabetes get diabetic foot. Between 40% and 50% of diabetics will have an ulcer and 20% will need an amputation. More than 50% of non-traumatic leg amputations are performed in diabetics.
Clinical, analytical and screen for early detection.
Depending on symptoms and preventive.
Prevention of diabetic foot includes good metabolic control alongside a healthy lifestyle and professional foot care
Self-testing for glucose consists of getting patients with diabetes and their families to conduct tests and note down the results in the capillary blood glucose log book. That way, the patient can find out and assess their blood sugar level in real time.
To find out if blood glucose levels are correct, too high or too low, writing them down in your log book allows you to get to know the trends at different times of day, in order to adjust the doses of insulin in the best way possible.
To measure capillary blood glucose it is very important to keep all your equipment in perfect condition and follow the instructions for each piece of equipment to measure blood glucose and prick yourself correctly.
If the pancreas does not secrete insulin or does not secrete enough, it is essential to add it from outside. For now, the only way to do this is to inject it, since if it is digested, the stomach destroys it.
What do you need to bear in mind if you need to inject yourself with insulin or you look after someone who does?
You do not need to disinfect the skin around the area you are going to inject with alcohol, but you do need to maintain good body hygiene and wash your hands first.
If you are using alcohol, let it evaporate before you inject, as it may be more painful otherwise.
Insulin must be injected into the subcutaneous tissue. It will then slowly make its way into the blood and start to act.
Repeated pricks in the same area over time may cause lipodystrophy or deformations in the subcutaneous tissue due to inflammation or reduction. It can be easily identified as bruises appear beneath the skin.
If you do have lipodystrophy, either: do not inject that area for a while until the lipodystrophy goes away; or change needles more often.
Research recommends 5 mm needles for everyone, as there is not thought to be much difference between the thickness of subcutaneous tissue, regardless of the person’s physical constitution.
The correct pinch is done using the index and middle fingers and the thumb. Grab the skin and subcutaneous tissue, without lifting the muscle. Once the insulin has been injected, wait a few seconds before withdrawing the needle and letting go of your skin.
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